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Melody blue spix macaw (click hyperlink)

After a long period filled with speculation and worry Brazilians and German conservationists were able successfully reintroduce a grouping of couples back into their natural habitat. Their story is inspirational but also rife with backbiting and jealousies.

The first hurdle was obtaining enough birds to trade. The macaws are monogamous so the pairs needed to be well-matched.

Range

A South African couple is working to save the critically endangered Spix's macaw which was declared extinct in 2000 following decades of poaching and loss of habitat. They have a tiny population of the birds in captivity and hope to release them into the wild near Curaca. They refer to them as their blue-eyed friends and compare their journey to the story of Presley, the only known Spix's Macaw in wild. They describe him as a true survivor, who lost his family, but was loyal to his home. They feel a strong connection to him and view their lives as like his.

Researchers were able to research the behavior of the Spix's macaw purchase wild, and Melody Blue Spix Macaw better understand how this species has survived so long. This also helped them create a more accurate estimate of the historic population numbers of this rare bird. Researchers were able to gather important data about the bird's daily movements and its seasonal adaptation to drought and its food habits. Researchers also observed attempts to reproduce with a hybrid Spix’s and Illiger’s macaw couple, which was a crucial step in the recovery for this species.

It was a remarkable feat that this bird was able endure and thrive in the wild despite an insufficient gene pool and it has also helped scientists to understand how these birds can be reintroduced back to the wild. The survival of the last bird inspired people to take action to save other species of endangered parrots. It also inspired zoos and other groups to set up up their own captive breeding programs for these exotic birds.

This group of experts is an example of how conservation groups and other organizations can work together to conserve endangered animals and wildlife. It brings Brazilian officials from the government Zoo representatives and international owners of this rare bird, and ornithologists with a common goal - the reintroduction of the Spix's macaw.

The group has already accomplished a lot of work. This includes developing a plan to reintroduce the bird in the wild. The group has also worked to raise funds to fund field research, community outreach and captive-breeding birds to support the reintroduction program. The group has also set up an ongoing committee to oversee the reintroduction of the bird.

Habitat

Ten years ago, the Spix's harlequin macaw (Cyanopsitta Spixii) was considered extinct. It was endangered by the destruction of habitat and illegal poaching. Today, aviculturists and ornithologists continue to tirelessly work to save this iconic bird back from the edge of extinction.

The Spix's Macaw is known to millions of people around the globe thanks to a well-known animated film and two sequels. However, this is only the beginning on the long journey of returning these birds. For decades, an international team has been trying to breed and reintroduce Spix's macaws that have been raised in captivity into the wild.

The Spix's harlequin macaw is native to a small area of northeast Brazil known as the Caatinga an arid area of savannah scrubland that is flat, interspersed with creeks that flow through the seasons and gallery forests. It was first documented in 1819, and is one of least-known Neotropical Parrots. There are only sporadic glimpses of the wild, a few captive birds and a few museum specimens.

To protect the declining population To help save the declining population, a global group was formed. It was comprised of experts in aviculture who had the last remaining bird as well as government officials. The group formed a partnership with the world-renowned non-profit organization Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation (AWWP) of Qatar to create an intensive program to reintroduce captive-bred Macaws Spix's into their natural habitat in the northeast of Brazil.

AWWP has purchased and is recovering 2,380 acres of prime habitat in Caatinga near Curaca, Brazil. AWWP also breeds and raises birds that will be released into the wild. This will provide the genetically pure source of animals for future generations.

Spix's Macaws are typically found in trees, and rarely seen on the ground. They build nests in hollows or holes and search for fruits, seeds, nuts, and other plants. They can spend as much as 1/3 of their time in the nest.

A local community was selected as part of the field team in order to help identify Spix's Macaws. The community was given watches that would activate if the Spix's Macaw was identified. This enabled them to track the birds in the wild as well as their daily actions. This method has proven to be successful.

Diet

The Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) is the only species found in the Genus Cyanopsitta. The International Union for Conservation of Nature declared it extinct in the wild on April 1, 2019. This was in the wake of the last wild parrot disappeared in 2000 and no additional birds were discovered in subsequent surveys. A reintroduction plan is in the process of attempting to bring back this critically endangered bird back to its home in the Caatinga.

This dry forest is a region of northeast Brazil, covering approximately 10 percent of the country. Spix's Macaws were found in hollows old caraibeiras, and were also known to eat seeds and nuts.

A reintroduction plan is currently underway to establish a natural population of the Spix's Macaw. Eight birds raised in captivity were released into the wild in June and 12 more are expected to arrive in 2022. They will be joined in the area by a group of Blue-winged Macaws that have been reintroduced and will share information on food sources, nesting sites and places to roost.

The reintroduction programme has already collected valuable data from biology on the behavior of this unique bird, including information on daily movements patterns as well as seasonal adjustments to drought. It has also opened a window on the evolution of Spix's Macaws, which can help to understand the causes that led to their extinction.

Spix's Macaws consume the seeds, fruits, and nuts of a variety of plants native to the Caatinga biome. Pinhao-bravo and linhas Brasil, as well as facheiro (Pilosocereus Pachycladus) are all included in this diet. The acai palm (Acaia olive) and mofumbo (Combretum léprosum) fruits are also edible.

Spix's Macaws as with all parrots and other bird species, are social birds that form close bonds with their parents. They are vocal and frequently mimic speech and other sounds. They have a mating cry known as "whichaka," described as a short and repetitive grating sound that resembles the note of a flutist. When they are in a breeding mode they can fly high and fast.

Breeding

Spix's macaws are incredibly intelligent and highly social birds. They communicate with each other with a variety of screeching and squawking sounds, and like many other parrots, can mimic human speech. They follow a strict routine, including the way they fly and their bathing habits. They can also recognize other members of their flock. They are popular as pets and are often targeted by the illegal trade in birds due to this.

By the early 1980s, only three Spix's macaws remained in the wild, and all of them poached. In 1995, poachers killed the male and female birds as part of a plan to pair them. Since since then the Spix's macaws have been captive-bred mostly in Brazil.

The Spix's Macaws that are in captivity are a mixture of birds, and are the descendant of just two individuals. This makes them more vulnerable to illnesses and other environmental threats. The majority of the birds in captivity are kept in the breeding center in Germany however, this year an agreement between the German conservation center and the Brazilian government expired without renewal which raises doubt about the future plans to repatriate the birds and return them back into the wild.

Despite their low numbers, captive-bred Spix's macaws are showing some signs of improvement. This was evident when a Swiss breeder beat out a sheikh in Qatar to purchase from a collector three Spix's Macaws that weren't part of the breeding program.

As a result of this and other efforts, captive-bred birds are beginning to reproduce, but not at a high rate. Reintroducing the birds to the wild will require that they stay healthy and produce. It is important to choose the right birds before releasing them. Macaws must be of reproductive age and paired with siblings or close relatives.

It may be difficult to bring the Spix's macaw back into the wild, but it is vital to try. ABC and its partners have established a reserve system to protect the last remaining habitats of this species. The eight Spix's macaws are going to be joined by blue-winged macaws which are more common in the Caatinga and share areas with the Spix's macaws. These birds will help macaws become accustomed to their new surroundings. They will also ensure safety through numbers.